How to Create a Sampling Procedure in SAP QM
how to create sampling procedure in sap qm
Also searched as
- sampling procedure create
- qdv3 sap sampling procedure
- sap qm sampling scheme qdp1
Short answer
In SAP QM, a sampling procedure decides how many units to inspect and how to accept or reject the lot. Maintain it in QDV3, choose a sample type (fixed, percentage, sampling scheme or 100 percent) and a valuation mode, and where needed build the scheme in QDP1. Then assign the procedure to a master inspection characteristic or inspection plan.
Applies to: SAP ECC 6.0 and S/4HANA QM; QDV3, QDP1, QP01 and QS21
Create and use a sampling procedure
- 1Decide the inspection need: fixed sample size, percentage of the lot, 100 percent, or a size from a statistical scheme such as an AQL table.
- 2If you need a scheme, run QDP1 (Create Sampling Scheme), define the lot size ranges and the sample size and accept or reject numbers for each, then save.
- 3Run QDV3 (Maintain Sampling Procedure) and create a new procedure with a key and a short text.
- 4Choose the sample type: for example fixed sample, percentage sample, or use the sampling scheme created earlier.
- 5Set the valuation mode, which defines how the sample result decides accept or reject, for example by number of defectives.
- 6Optionally link a dynamic modification rule so inspection stringency changes automatically with quality history.
- 7Assign the procedure to a master inspection characteristic (QS21) or directly to the characteristic in an inspection plan (QP01), then test with a sample lot.
Procedure, scheme and valuation mode
The sampling procedure is the object plans reference. It defines the sample type and valuation mode. A sampling scheme is optional and holds the table of lot size versus sample size and accept and reject numbers, typically built from a standard such as ISO 2859 or ANSI tables your quality department uses.
The valuation mode tells QM how to evaluate the results. For attributes, it often uses the number of defectives against the accept number from the scheme. For variables, it may use mean and standard deviation rules. Choose the mode that matches your quality standard.
Choosing the sample type
Fixed sample is simplest: always inspect the same number of units, such as one for first article. Percentage sample scales with the lot. Sampling by scheme gives statistical rigor and the right lot size dependency. 100 percent inspection checks every unit and suits critical features or small lots.
Match this to risk. High-risk safety characteristics should not use a lenient sample. Low-risk visual checks seldom justify 100 percent. Document the reasoning, since auditors often ask.
Assigning to plans and dynamic modification
A procedure is used where a characteristic is defined: on the MIC in QS21 or on the plan line in QP01. If the plan line has none, the MIC default is used. Check the sample size in the inspection lot (QA03) after creation to confirm the system calculated what you expected.
Dynamic modification rules, created in QDR1, adjust inspection stringency by quality history, moving from normal to reduced or tightened inspection. They need to be assigned in the material master QM view or plan and rely on lot results being recorded promptly.
Try it here, free
SAP QM Sample Size Calculator by Lot Size and Sampling Procedure
Compare the sample size from an AQL table, a percentage rule and a fixed sample for any lot size, and estimate the inspection time.
Common pitfalls
- !Defining a scheme with overlapping or missing lot size ranges.
- !Assigning a sampling procedure that does not match the characteristic type.
- !Forgetting to release or assign it, so the lot gets a default sample.
- !Mixing attribute and variable valuation modes without testing.
- !Turning on dynamic modification without capturing results timely.
How an ERP-grounded AI assistant handles this
A private AI layer can read your sampling procedures, plans and past inspection lots to show where the sample size is inconsistent or where a characteristic has no procedure. It supports review and training, while procedures and schemes continue to be maintained in SAP QM.
Frequently asked questions
What transaction creates a sampling procedure?
QDV3 maintains sampling procedures in SAP QM. If you need a sampling scheme with lot size ranges and accept numbers, create it first in QDP1 and then reference it in the procedure.
What is the difference between a procedure and a scheme?
The procedure defines the sample type and valuation mode and is what plans reference. The scheme is a table of lot sizes, sample sizes and accept or reject numbers used when the sample type is scheme-based.
How do I assign it to an inspection plan?
In QP01 enter the procedure on the characteristic line, or define it on the master inspection characteristic in QS21 so it is the default. Then check the lot in QA03 to confirm the calculated sample size.
Can I change inspection stringency automatically?
Yes, with dynamic modification rules. They move between normal, reduced and tightened inspection based on quality history, and need assignment on the material or plan together with consistent results recording.
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Keep exploring
Free tools
- SAP QM Sample Size Calculator by Lot Size and Sampling ProcedureCompare the sample size from an AQL table, a percentage rule and a fixed sample for any lot size, and estimate the inspection time.
- SAP QM Sampling Procedure Design TemplateFill in the key choices for a sampling procedure and produce a design document you can review with quality and the SAP team.
- SAP QM Dynamic Modification Rule CalculatorModel how much inspection effort a skip or reduced stage saves, based on the share of lots that run at the reduced stage.
ERP fixes and how-tos
- SAP QM Valuation Mode and Valuation Rule: Where Set and How They DecideHow valuation modes and valuation rules work in SAP QM: where they are set, how they decide accept or reject for characteristics, and how they drive the usage decision.
- How to create an inspection plan in SAP QM (QP01)Create an inspection plan in SAP QM with QP01: header, operations, master inspection characteristics, sampling procedure and material assignment, plus a plan report.
- SAP QM Sample-Drawing Procedure: Setup and Use (QPV1)Set up an SAP QM sample-drawing procedure with QPV1: containers, number of samples, link to the inspection plan and lot, and how physical samples are created.