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SAP HANA SQL Error Codes: Meaning, Cause and First Fix

This reference lists common SAP HANA 2.0 SQL error codes, from 4 (cannot allocate enough memory) through lock and deadlock rollbacks to privilege, syntax and data errors, with the first diagnostic and fix for each. Developers and DBAs can filter by code or by text.

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Code	Error text	Typical cause	First diagnostic	Fix
4	Cannot allocate enough memory	Statement or service hit the allocation limit or statement_memory_limit	OOM trace (.rtedump..oom.trc) in the trace directory; M_SERVICE_MEMORY; M_EXPENSIVE_STATEMENTS	Fix the statement (filters, joins), reduce memory consumers, or adjust limits after sizing review
7	Feature not supported	SQL feature or syntax not available for this object type or revision	SQL reference for your SPS	Rewrite the statement or check revision support
10	Authentication failed	Wrong user or password, locked user, or failed SSO	M_CONNECTIONS; USERS view (USER_DEACTIVATED, INVALID_CONNECT_ATTEMPTS)	Check credentials and user status; reset or unlock the user
129	Transaction rolled back by an internal error	A follow-on error rolled back the transaction	The preceding error in the indexserver trace	Fix the underlying error shown before it
131	Transaction rolled back by lock wait timeout	Waited longer than the lock wait timeout for a lock held by another transaction	M_BLOCKED_TRANSACTIONS; M_TRANSACTIONS for the lock owner	Find and fix the long-holding transaction; shorten transactions and commit sooner
133	Transaction rolled back by detected deadlock	Two transactions waited for each other's locks	Indexserver trace deadlock information	Access tables and rows in a consistent order; retry logic in the application
139	Current operation cancelled by request and transaction rolled back	Statement cancelled by a user, client timeout or ALTER SYSTEM CANCEL SESSION	Who cancelled: client logs, M_CONNECTIONS	Find why it ran so long (plan cache, expensive statements)
146	Resource busy and NOWAIT specified	SELECT FOR UPDATE NOWAIT or lock statement found the row or table locked	M_BLOCKED_TRANSACTIONS	Retry later or remove NOWAIT
257	SQL syntax error	Invalid SQL, often reserved words or quotes	Position given in the error message	Correct the syntax; quote reserved identifiers with double quotes
258	Insufficient privilege	User lacks the object, schema, system or analytic privilege	Error text names the missing privilege in newer revisions; EFFECTIVE_PRIVILEGES view; system procedure GET_INSUFFICIENT_PRIVILEGE_ERROR_DETAILS	Grant the specific privilege or role, not broad schema rights
259	Invalid table name	Table does not exist in the current schema or name case mismatch	TABLES view; CURRENT_SCHEMA	Qualify with schema; use correct case in double quotes
260	Invalid column name	Column misspelled, wrong case or not in that table	TABLE_COLUMNS view	Correct the column name or alias
261	Invalid index name	Index does not exist	INDEXES view	Correct the name or create the index
268	Column ambiguously defined	Same column name in more than one joined table without alias	Statement joins	Prefix columns with table aliases
274	Inserted value too large for column	Value longer than the column length	TABLE_COLUMNS LENGTH	Truncate or validate input, or enlarge the column
287	Cannot insert NULL or update to NULL	NOT NULL column received NULL	TABLE_COLUMNS IS_NULLABLE	Supply a value or a default
288	Cannot use duplicate table name	CREATE TABLE for a name that already exists	TABLES view	Drop, rename or use a different name
301	Unique constraint violated	Insert or update duplicates a primary key or unique index	Error names the index; check existing rows	Fix the data or use UPSERT where appropriate
304	Division by zero undefined	Divisor evaluated to 0 in an expression	The expression in the statement	Use NULLIF(divisor, 0) or a CASE expression
305	Single-row query returns more than one row	Scalar subquery or SELECT INTO returned several rows	Run the subquery alone	Add filters, aggregate, or use TOP 1 with ORDER BY
314	Numeric overflow	Result exceeds the data type range or precision	Data types of the expression	Cast to a larger type such as BIGINT or DECIMAL with more precision
328	Invalid name of function or procedure	Function or procedure does not exist in that schema	FUNCTIONS and PROCEDURES views	Qualify the schema or create the object
339	Invalid number	String that is not a number converted to a numeric type	Source column values	Clean data or use a safe conversion with CASE checks
340	Not all variables bound	Prepared statement executed with missing parameter values	Client code binding parameters	Bind every ? parameter before execute
362	Invalid schema name	Schema does not exist or user cannot see it	SCHEMAS view	Correct the schema or grant access
383	Invalid identifier	Identifier name not valid, often unquoted special characters	Statement text	Quote identifiers with double quotes
414	User is forced to change password	Initial or reset password must be changed at first logon	USERS view PASSWORD_CHANGE_NEEDED	Log on interactively and change it, or disable the requirement for technical users (ALTER USER ... DISABLE PASSWORD LIFETIME)
416	User is deactivated	User deactivated, often after too many failed logons	USERS view USER_DEACTIVATED, INVALID_CONNECT_ATTEMPTS	ALTER USER <user> ACTIVATE USER NOW after fixing the client that sent the wrong password
613	Execution aborted by timeout	Statement exceeded a configured statement or client timeout	Client timeout settings; M_EXPENSIVE_STATEMENTS	Tune the statement or raise the timeout deliberately
2048	Column store error	Generic column store engine error; the detail text after it matters	Full error text and indexserver trace	Act on the detail (for example table not loaded, merge or memory issue)

Codes and texts are those returned by SAP HANA 2.0 SQL. The full list is in the SQL Error Codes page of the SAP HANA SQL Reference, and also in system view M_ERROR_CODES (columns CODE, CODE_STRING, DESCRIPTION) in your own database. Query it to confirm any code: SELECT * FROM M_ERROR_CODES WHERE CODE = 258.

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How to use it

Take the numeric code from the error, for example SQL error 131 or SAP DBTech JDBC: [258], and filter the table. The first diagnostic column names the system view or trace to open. To get the exact text for any code on your own revision, query M_ERROR_CODES, which lists every code with its CODE_STRING and DESCRIPTION; that view is the authoritative source for your system and covers codes not listed here. Codes in the 100s are mostly transaction and lock errors, 250 to 450 are SQL, object and user errors, and higher codes come from specific engines such as the column store (2048).

Out of memory (error 4) and OOM dumps

Error 4 means the statement or service could not get memory within its limit. HANA writes an OOM trace file in the trace directory, named like indexserver_<host>.<port>.rtedump.<timestamp>.oom.trc, which shows the memory state, the allocators and the statement that failed. Read the top allocators and the failing statement first. If one statement regularly runs out, statement_memory_limit (section memorymanager in global.ini) can cap a single statement so that it fails instead of the whole service; check its current value in M_INIFILE_CONTENTS. If many statements fail, the system is undersized or a memory consumer such as a large delta store or cache needs attention.

Worked example: error 131 every morning

A batch load fails at 07:10 with error 131, transaction rolled back by lock wait timeout. At 07:05 a query on M_BLOCKED_TRANSACTIONS during the next run shows the load blocked on table ZSALES_STAGE, and LOCK_OWNER_TRANSACTION_ID points to a connection in M_CONNECTIONS from a reporting tool that started an update and never committed. The fix is in the tool (commit or use autocommit for that step), not in raising the lock wait timeout. Raising the timeout only makes the load wait longer before it fails.

Common mistakes

Error 258 is often solved by granting a whole schema or a powerful system privilege; grant the specific object privilege or role instead, and use the insufficient privilege details the system provides. Division by zero (304) is best handled in SQL with NULLIF. Errors 259 and 260 are frequently case problems: unquoted names are converted to upper case, quoted names are not. And 129 is never the real error: look for what happened just before it.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is SAP HANA error code 4?

Error 4 is cannot allocate enough memory. A statement or service reached its allocation limit or the statement memory limit. Check the OOM trace file in the trace directory, M_SERVICE_MEMORY and expensive statements, then fix the statement or review sizing before raising limits.

How do I fix the SAP HANA division by zero error?

Error 304, division by zero undefined, comes from an expression whose divisor is 0. Wrap the divisor with NULLIF(divisor, 0) so the result becomes NULL, or use a CASE expression to return 0 or another value when the divisor is zero.

Where can I find the full list of SAP HANA error codes?

In the SQL Error Codes section of the SAP HANA SQL Reference on help.sap.com, and directly in your database through the system view M_ERROR_CODES, which returns CODE, CODE_STRING and DESCRIPTION for every code known to your revision.

What does SAP HANA error 258 insufficient privilege mean?

The user lacks an object, schema, system or analytic privilege needed by the statement. Newer revisions add details about the missing privilege and offer a procedure to retrieve them. Grant the specific privilege or a role that contains it rather than broad rights.

If you want your team to paste a HANA error and get the likely cause from your own system views, answered privately on your servers, we can set that up.

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